United States · Tennessee

Memphis

The river city where Delta blues turned into rock and roll and then soul, and where America's hardest civil rights reckoning is told on the spot it happened.

Memphis sits on the bluffs where Tennessee meets Arkansas and Mississippi, the port the cotton Delta funnelled into and the city its music walked up the highway to reach. Blues from the sharecropping flats met gospel and country here and came out as rock and roll with Elvis at Sun Studio, then as soul, recorded in storefront rooms that are still standing. It is also where Martin Luther King Jr was killed in 1968, and the city tells that story in full rather than tidying it away. Nothing about it is polished, and that is most of the appeal.

Suggested stay

2–4 days

Language

English

Currency

USD

Timezone

UTC-5

Why you'll love Memphis

Music  the studios, radio stations and one neon strip here invented two of the twentieth century's biggest sounds, and the rooms where it happened are still open

The reckoning  the civil rights story is told here on the exact ground, unflinchingly, and it reframes the whole city around it

Barbecue  pork shoulder and dry-rubbed ribs are a civic argument fought out in cinderblock joints and converted service stations as much as famous rooms

The river  the Mississippi at its widest and most industrial, with bluff-top parks, a walkable bridge crossing and Arkansas flat to the horizon

Best time to visit

Aug-Sep

30-33° days

Fair weather Oct-Jul
Memphis

35.146° N, 90.052° W

UTC-5 · America/Chicago

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Weather & when to go to Memphis

Month by month: typical highs and lows, rainfall and rain days.

✓ Best Aug-Sep

Jan
11°
105mm
9d rain
Feb
13°
116mm
10d rain
Mar
18°
146mm
13d rain
Apr
23°
12°
149mm
10d rain
May
28°
17°
134mm
10d rain
Jun
32°
21°
101mm
9d rain
Jul
33°
23°
123mm
11d rain
Aug
33°
23°
86mm
8d rain
Sep
30°
19°
77mm
7d rain
Oct
24°
12°
101mm
5d rain
Nov
17°
119mm
5d rain
Dec
12°
139mm
9d rain

Cards tinted by calculated verdict · big number = typical daily high, small = low · hover for conditions

When to avoid Memphis

No month is really off the table here, but Delta humidity shapes the year: summers run hot and sticky with afternoon thunderstorms, spring is the Mid-South's severe-weather season, and winters are mild but grey and damp with the occasional ice day. Late summer into early autumn is the pick, when the rain thins out and the evenings come back.

Top things to do in Memphis

  1. Graceland - Elvis Presley's house and grave

    history culture arts 👍 Popular

    The colonial-revival house Elvis bought at twenty-two and kept until he died, preserved down to the green shag carpet and indoor waterfall of the Jungle Room, with the family buried out in the Meditation Garden. Across the boulevard sit his cars, his two jets and a warehouse of jumpsuits and gold records. Smaller and stranger than the myth suggests, and a better record of American taste in the seventies than any museum.

  2. National Civil Rights Museum - built into the Lorraine Motel

    history ⭐ Highly recommended

    The balcony where Dr Martin Luther King Jr was shot in April 1968 is left exactly as it was, two period cars parked beneath it, and the galleries behind run from the slave trade through the bus boycott, the sit-ins and the Freedom Rides. The boarding house across the street holds the second half of the story. Allow far longer than you think; most people do not manage it in one go.

  3. Sun Studio - the room where rock and roll was cut

    nightlife music history 👍 Popular

    One storefront on Union Avenue where Sam Phillips recorded Howlin' Wolf and B.B. King before Elvis walked in, then Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, Roy Orbison and Jerry Lee Lewis, and where the Million Dollar Quartet photo was taken in 1956. The tour runs in the actual room, original acoustic tile overhead, and it still books sessions at night.

  4. Beale Street - blues bars and the old Black main street

    nightlife music 👍 Popular

    Three neon blocks closed to traffic after dark, with live blues coming out of every second doorway and a dry goods store that has been trading since the 1870s. It is a tourist strip now and makes no secret of it, but the history under it is real: this was the commercial and cultural main street of the Black mid-South, and W.C. Handy's clapboard house was moved here to prove it.

  5. Stax Museum of American Soul Music - Soulsville

    nightlife music history ⭐ Highly recommended

    A faithful rebuild of the converted cinema on McLemore Avenue where Otis Redding, Booker T. and the M.G.'s, Sam and Dave and the Staple Singers cut the grittier, Southern answer to Motown, sloping cinema floor and all. Isaac Hayes' gold-trimmed Cadillac turns slowly in the middle of it. The label's integrated house band in 1960s Memphis is the story the building is really telling.

  6. Memphis barbecue - dry-rubbed ribs and the pulled pork sandwich

    food

    Pork, and mostly shoulder: slow-smoked, pulled, piled on a soft bun and topped with slaw right in the sandwich. Ribs come dry, crusted with spice rather than sauced, at the basement rib house off a downtown alley; chopped pork with mustard slaw comes out of a converted service station on Lamar; and the smoked Cornish hen and barbecue spaghetti at Cozy Corner are the local oddities worth the detour.

  7. The Peabody - the duck march through the lobby

    culture arts

    Ducks live on the roof of the grand old downtown hotel and ride the lift down at eleven each morning to spend the day in the marble lobby fountain, marching back up a red carpet in the late afternoon behind a uniformed Duckmaster. A daft, entirely sincere ritual running since the 1930s, and free to watch if you can get near the rope.

  8. Bass Pro Shops at the Pyramid - the glass pyramid on the riverfront

    scenic shopping

    A thirty-two storey stainless steel pyramid built as a sports arena in 1991 and now a megastore with a cypress swamp, live alligators and a bowling alley inside it. The point for visitors is the glass lift up the inside face to the rooftop deck, which gives the best high view of the river, the bridges and the Arkansas flats.

  9. Big River Crossing - walk the Harahan Bridge into Arkansas

    scenic

    A boardwalk bolted to the side of a working 1916 rail bridge carries you a mile out over the Mississippi to the Arkansas bank, with freight trains passing an arm's length away and the whole downtown skyline behind you. Lit up after dark, and the best free thing in the city.

  10. Overton Park - the Old Forest, the zoo and the shell

    nature wildlife scenic

    Midtown's green heart holds genuine old-growth bottomland forest, saved when residents took the federal highway department to the Supreme Court in 1971 and stopped an interstate being driven through it. The zoo, the art museum and the open-air shell where Elvis played one of his first paid shows in 1954 all sit inside the same gates.

  11. Shelby Farms Park - bison, lake and the Greenline

    nature wildlife

    One of the largest urban parks in the country, several times the size of Central Park, with a resident bison herd, a big lake to paddle and miles of trail. The Greenline, a paved rail-trail, runs out to it from Midtown, which makes it the one Memphis outing you can genuinely do on a bike.

  12. Cooper-Young - the Midtown eating and record-shop crossroads

    food shopping

    A bungalow neighbourhood built around one intersection, marked by a sculpted trestle over the railway, with the city's densest run of restaurants, dive bars, a long-standing independent bookshop and a record label and shop on Young Avenue that punches far above the city's size. Where Memphis goes when it is not entertaining visitors.

  13. Memphis Rock 'n' Soul Museum - the Smithsonian's version of the story

    nightlife music history

    Built by the Smithsonian at the top of Beale, this traces the line from Delta sharecroppers and their field recordings through the radio stations and studios to the soul era, with an audio guide loaded with the actual records. The best hour you can spend before doing the studios themselves, because it puts them in order.

Best areas to stay in Memphis

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Live nightly prices from Booking.com, Agoda and others, centred on Memphis

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Getting to & around Memphis

Getting there

Fly into Memphis International, then roughly 20 minutes by road north into downtown

Flight

Memphis International Airport (MEM)

About 18 km south of downtown and barely five minutes from Graceland. Taxis and rideshare wait at the terminal and take roughly 20 minutes into the centre by interstate, longer at peak. A city bus route also runs downtown but slowly and infrequently, so almost every visitor drives, rides or collects a hire car at the terminal.

Train

Central Station

Amtrak's City of New Orleans, running between Chicago and New Orleans, calls at Central Station in South Main in the middle of the night in both directions

Coach

Intercity coaches connect Memphis with Nashville, Little Rock, St Louis and Jackson; the terminal sits away from the visitor core, so plan a ride onward from it

Drive

Two interstates cross here, one running east to Nashville and west into Arkansas, the other north to St Louis and south towards Jackson and New Orleans; the big river bridge west of downtown is the landmark you arrive over

Cruise

Beale Street Landing

Mississippi paddlewheel cruises tie up at the downtown landing below Beale, which puts you in the middle of the city on arrival

Getting around

Car

Memphis is spread out and built around driving; everything past downtown, from Graceland to the Midtown museums and the big park, is far easier with your own wheels, and parking is plentiful

TBC

Bus and trolley fares are paid on board, in cash or with a pass, rather than through a city-wide tap-on card.

Main Street trolley

Restored vintage streetcars run the length of Main Street, linking the pyramid end of downtown with South Main and the train station

TBC

City buses

The bus network covers the main corridors but runs infrequently outside peak hours, so it works for a single straight trip rather than stitching a day together

TBC

Walking

Downtown and South Main are genuinely walkable end to end; Midtown's two hubs are each walkable in themselves but not to one another

Free

Rideshare & taxi

The default for visitors without a car, quick to get downtown and in Midtown and slower out in the suburbs; the standard way to move around after dark

TBC

Bike

The city is flat, and the riverfront paths plus the Greenline rail-trail out to Shelby Farms are the two rides worth doing; traffic elsewhere is unforgiving

TBC

Day trips from Memphis

Clarksdale, Mississippi

Full day

Delta blues heartland

The town at the mythical crossroads, with a blues museum in the old freight depot, juke joints still booking live players and cotton fields running flat to the horizon either side of the highway. The clearest way to understand where Memphis music actually came from.

Getting there

car

About 1 hr 20 min by car south on Highway 61

Oxford, Mississippi

Full day

College town & literary South

A leafy university town built around a courthouse square, with one of the country's better independent bookshops on it and William Faulkner's house standing in cedar woods a few streets away, left much as he had it.

Getting there

car

About 1 hr 15 min by car southeast

Tunica

Half day

Delta casinos & flats

Casino resorts dropped onto the Mississippi floodplain half an hour out of town, plus a blues museum in a restored railway depot and levee roads that put you right on the river.

Getting there

car

About 45 min by car south into Mississippi

Shiloh National Military Park

Full day

Civil War battlefield

One of the best-preserved and least-crowded major battlefields of the Civil War, with a driving loop past the peach orchard and the sunken road, prehistoric Native American mounds on the bluff, and the Tennessee River below.

Getting there

car

About 2 hr by car east

Nashville

1-2 days

Country music capital

Tennessee's other music city and Memphis's polar opposite in temperament: honky-tonks stacked along one downtown strip, the country hall of fame and the old tabernacle that country radio was broadcast from.

Getting there

car | bus

About 3 hr 15 min by car or coach east

A little history of Memphis

The city stands on the fourth Chickasaw Bluff, the one stretch of high ground on the lower Mississippi that does not flood, which is why the Chickasaw held it, why the Spanish and French both wanted it, and why Andrew Jackson and two partners laid a town out here in 1819 and named it after the capital on the Nile. Cotton made it rich and made it ugly: by the 1850s Memphis was both the biggest inland cotton market in the region and one of its largest slave markets. Union gunboats took the river off the bluff in 1862 and the city spent the rest of the war occupied.

Yellow fever nearly finished it. The epidemic of 1878 killed thousands and drove out most of those who could afford to leave, and the bankrupt city surrendered its charter the following year. What rebuilt it was Black Memphis: Beale Street became the commercial and cultural main street of the mid-South, a former slave became one of the wealthiest Black men in the country and gave the street its park, and the music coming up from the Delta with migrant workers found an audience, a radio dial and eventually a recording studio. Rock and roll came out of one Union Avenue storefront in the 1950s and soul out of a converted cinema in the 1960s. In 1968 the city's sanitation workers struck for recognition behind placards reading I AM A MAN, Dr King came to support them, and he was killed here on 4 April.

Timeline
1819

Memphis is laid out on the fourth Chickasaw Bluff by John Overton, James Winchester and Andrew Jackson, and named for the ancient city on the Nile

1862

Union gunboats destroy the Confederate river fleet in front of the bluff and the city is occupied for the rest of the Civil War

1878

A yellow fever epidemic kills thousands and empties the city; Memphis surrenders its charter the following year

1912

W.C. Handy publishes Memphis Blues, putting Beale Street's music into print and helping launch the blues as popular music

1950

Sam Phillips opens a recording service on Union Avenue and founds Sun Records two years later

1957

Elvis Presley buys Graceland, then a farmhouse estate on the southern edge of the city

1961

The Stax label starts recording in a converted cinema in South Memphis and builds the sound of Southern soul

1968

Sanitation workers strike behind the slogan I AM A MAN; Dr Martin Luther King Jr is assassinated at the Lorraine Motel on 4 April

1973

Federal Express begins overnight flying out of Memphis, eventually making the airport one of the busiest cargo hubs in the world

1991

The National Civil Rights Museum opens inside the preserved shell of the Lorraine Motel

Know before you go

Payment

Cards everywhere

English

Everywhere

Wifi

Reliable

Power

Type A / B

120 V, 60 Hz

Dialing

+1

Mobile network & SIM card

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FAQs about Memphis

When is the best time to visit Memphis?

Late summer into early autumn rates best on our climate record here, with August and September the pick: still warm, but the rain thins out and the evenings get usable again. Nothing is truly off-season. Spring is green and pretty but carries the Mid-South's severe storm season, summer days are hot and humid with afternoon thunderstorms, and winter is mild, grey and quiet with the odd icy morning.

How many days do you need in Memphis?

Two full days covers the music trail and the civil rights museum without rushing either. A third or fourth day lets you add Midtown eating, the parks and a run down Highway 61 into the Delta.

Is Memphis safe for visitors?

Memphis does record some of the higher violent crime rates among large American cities, and it would be dishonest to wave that away. It is also heavily concentrated in neighbourhoods visitors have no reason to be in. Stay in the downtown core, South Main, Midtown or East Memphis; use a car or a rideshare after dark rather than walking unfamiliar blocks; and leave nothing visible in a parked car, since break-ins are by far the most likely thing to affect a traveller.

Do you need a car in Memphis?

Not for the downtown and South Main sights, which link up on foot and by trolley. For Graceland, the soul studio in South Memphis, Midtown and the big eastern park, yes: the bus network is thin, and rideshare fares across a city this spread out add up quickly.

Memphis or Nashville?

Nashville is the polished one, country music and a downtown built for stag and hen weekends. Memphis is rougher-edged, cheaper, and the deeper story: blues, rock and roll, soul and the civil rights movement, all on their original ground. They sit about three hours apart, so the real answer is usually both.

Is Graceland worth it if you are not an Elvis fan?

Yes, and often more so. It is a modest 1930s house rather than a palace, frozen in the decade of his decline, and it reads as a document of American celebrity, taste and class more than a shrine. Fans should budget most of a day for the whole complex; everyone else can do the house and the cars in a morning.

What actually is Memphis barbecue?

Pork, above all pork shoulder, smoked slowly and pulled, then served on a soft bun with slaw piled inside the sandwich rather than on the side. The other signature is ribs served dry, rubbed with spice and eaten without sauce. Barbecue spaghetti and barbecue nachos are genuine local inventions and better than they sound.

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